Book-sewing machine



(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 1. A. M. STIGKNEY.

4 BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. PatentedJune 14,1887.

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`(No Model.) 12 sheecsnsneet .2A A, M. STIGKNEY. BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

Patented June 14, 1887.

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. M. STICKNEY.

BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. Patented June 14, 1887.

( No Model) 12 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A. M. STIOKNBY.

BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

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(No Model.) ,12 Sheets-Sheet 6.

A. M. STIOKNEY.

BooK SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. Patented June 14,'188'7.

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12 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

A. M. STICKN'EY.

BOOK SEWING MAGHINE.

Patented June 14,1887.

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N. PETERS4 PnnmLilhognphur. wnsmngton. D. CA

(No Model.) 12 sheets-sheet s.

A. M. STICKNEY.

BooK SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. l Patented June 14, 1887.

(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 49.

A. M. STICKNEY.

1300K SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. Patented June 14, 1887.

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N. PETERS, Plotufljthcgraphcr, Wuhingnwx ILC.

12 Sheets-Sheet 10.

(No Model.)

A. M. STIGKNEY. BOOK SEWING MACHINE.

No. 365,027. Patented June 14, 1887.

(No Model.) l 12 Sheets-Sheet 11. A. M. STICKNEY.

y BOOK SEWING MACHINE. No. 365,027. Patented June 14, 1887..-

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(No Model.) 12 Sheets-Sheet 12.

1 A. M. STICKNEY.

BOOK SBWINGMAGHINE.

No. 365,027. Patented June 14,1887.-

UNITED STATES PATENT EETCE.

ALLISON MORRIS STIOKNEY, OF MEDFORD, ASSIGNOR OF T\VO-THIRDS TO HENRY RODMAN THOMPSON, OF NFVTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

BOOK-SEWING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 365,027, dated June 14, 1887.

(No model.)

order to form a knot and tie the ends of the` thread at leach complete stitch.

\Vhile this combination is the main novelty of my invention, yet the bight former is also wholly new with lne.

In that form of my machine shown in the drawings the needle must pass three times through the material, in order to make one complete stitch; but it will be obvious that the same stitch may be made with the needle passing but twice through the material, and also that acontinuons knot-ted lock-stitch may be made it' my bight-former be caused to operate at each stroke ol' the needle and an ordinary shuttle carrying a bobhin be used. Vhile I have contemplated this latter form of machine and believe it will be highly useful in a large variety of work, I yet have preferred to show a single-thread machine requiring a special shuttle to take the first loop of thread thrown out by the needle, and to carry that thread through the other loops, thereby making a stitch especially adapted for pamphlets. Neither this shuttle nor this stitch is claimed in this application, for the reason that the stitch forms the subject of my application, Serial No. 185,569, and the shuttle of my application, Serial No. 184,255.

In the drawings, which illustrate that form ol" my machi nc especially adapted for stitching pamphlets, Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical central section; Fig. 3, a l'ront elevation with needle-plate, Fig. 8, removed; Fig. 4, a side elevation of front part ofmachine, as seen from the right; Fig. 5, a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 6 ot' front part of machine, as seen from t-he left; Fig. 6, a cross section on line 6 6, Fig. 1, looking trom back of machine; Fig. 7, a cross-section on line 7 7, Fig. 1, looking from front of machine; Fig. 8, a rear elevation of needle feed plate; Fig. 9, a section on line 9 9, Fig. 8; Fig. 10, a sec- 55 tion on line 10 10, Fig. 8, looking up; Figs. 11 12, details ol' dogs g,- Fig. 13, detail illustrating shuttle and shuttle-race; Fig. 14, top plan of bight-former, after having grasped thread; Fig. 15, side elevation ot'jaws of Fig. 14; Fig. 6o 16, jaws drawn back, showing method of preventing thread from pulling jaws open while rotating; Fig. 17, section ot' bight-former, after bight has been formed while bight is still aroundjaws; Fig. 18, top plan of bight-former 65 after it has been withdrawn from needle; Fig. 19, section on line 19 19 of Fig. 18, also showing needle with bightformed around it; Fig. 20, front elevation jaws of bight-former with knot formed around them enlarged; 7o Fig. 21, side elevation of Fig. 20, enlarged; Fig. 22, top View of Fig. 20, enlarged; Fig. 23, top view of presser and cut-off; Fig. 24, bottom View of Fig. 23; Fig. 25, Same as Fig. 24, with plates i/ removed and pins Z13 withdrawn; 75 Fig. 26, section on sline 26 26, Fig. 25, showing catches; Fig. 27, top view of one end of I presser, showing cutoff blade in position occupied by it when presser is in condition shown at Fig. 25; Fig. 28, a section on line 28 8o 28, Fig. 23, showing standard operating cut-oil' blade; Fig. 29, plan ofplate Zw; Fig. 30, an elevation of the cam ol" the bight-former; Fig. 31, section through line 31 3l of Fig. 30; Fig. 32, section through line 32 32 ofFig. 30; Fig. 33, de- S5 velopment ot' surface of cam, Fig. 30; Fig. 34 elevation of gear of the bight-former; Fig. 35, front elevation of Fig. 34; Fig. 36, back elevation of Fig. 34; Fig. 37, plan of rack for giving sidewise motion to bight-former; Fig. 9o 38, side elevation of Fig. 37; Fig. 39, elevation and plan of segmental gear for operating bight-former; Fig. 40, elevation and plan ol.' rst gear in bight-former train; Fig. 41, horizontal section on line 41 41 of Fig. 4; Fig. 42, 95 front elevation of take-np and thread-guides- My machine is threaded as follows, viz: Spool S is firmly held by thumb-nut s, the thread is passed through thread-guide S', and is wound several times around tension-pulley d, thence Ice through take-up T and through the two guides t, from there through the guide t2 in needlesleeve and thence through eye of needle N.

`The machine, as shownin the drawings, eX-

hibits the position of parts as needle is makingl its first downward stroke.

Ais the driving-shaft, having upon it latchopener a shuttle-cam a', bevel-wheel a transmitting motion to upper shaft, B, through shaft A', connected at lower end to shaft A by a bevel-Wheel meshing with et?. The lower shaft, A, has also upon it the driving-pulley and clutch a3, which run the machine. ,This driving-pulley and its clutch is old. Its function is to allow the machine to be started at will and to cause main shaft A to stop in a cer- -tain position at each revolution. Upper shaft, B, is connected to shaft A through a bevelwheel one-third of diameter of driving-wheel c5, so that this shaft B shall make three revolutions to one ofdriving-shaft. This combination affects only the machine shown in the drawings, as the combination may be made to suit the number of stitches to be made, be it two or more.

Connected to the back shaft, A', through gimbals, as shown in drawings, (or through proper gears, as will be well understood,) is the camshaft D. This shaft will make revolution for revolution with the driving-shaft A, and carries presser-cam d, cam d2 for bringing bight-former train in position to be 'operated upon at the proper time, tensioncam d3, and take-up cam d, (See Figs'. 5 and 6 and Figs. l and 3.)

The needle-shaft B has upon it the segmental gear -b, Fig. 39, for operating the bight-former, and the disk b2 for giving the vertical motion to the needle N and its return motion from last stitch to its first position.

F is the slide, carrying needle-blockf, having cut in its back acam-groove operated upon by wrist b* in disk b2, Fig. 3. This cam is cut 'to provide, first, for the full downward stroke of needle; second, `for lifting the needle enough to cause it to throw out a loop; third, for holding it in-that position while shuttle takes its thread or passes through the loop thrown out, according to the stitch being made; fourth, for raising needle to its extreme height, and fifth, for holding it in that position while the bightformer does its work before the last stitch is made, and while needle is being returned vto its first position after last stitch is made.

The movement of needle from left to right, Fig. 3, is brought about in the following manner: While the machine is at rest, the roller f on needle-block f will be in position. (Shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8.) The latchgl in full 6o lines and the latch g in dotted lines, Fig. 8,

are in their position while the machine is at rest. The roller f 2 in its rst downward movement pushes latch g to one side, as shown in full4 lines, Fig. 8. As soon as roller f2 has passed the end of latch g', the latch resumes its normal position, (that of the dotted line,)

, enlarged part b3 ofdisk b". Vmade its first downward stroke, and the first part of upward movement having thrown outV so that in its upward stroke the roller, being forced upward, is moved to the right (but Fig. 8 being a rear View to the left, of course, in that gure) by the inclined plane presented to it by the latches g g2. The course of guideroller f 2 is clearly indicated by the arrows in Fig. 8. The latch g3 is used to carry the roller clear of latch g2, so that it may be carried back to its starting-point. Thevlatches g4 are safetylatches, preventing the momentum of blockf from carrying its wrist]c2 too far to the right, (the left in Fig.- 8,) and they yield when wrist f2 of block f is passing fromy rightto left (left to right in Fig. 8) through channel g5.

The return of needle to first position is brought about as follows, viz: y, Figs l, 8, 9, and l0, is a pulley attached to a shaft, g, to which is also attached the friction-pulley gT and the adjustable dogs g8, Figs. 1l and 12. The pulley g has wound about it and attached to it by one end a steel band, f4. The other end of this steel band is attached to needleblock f. As the needle is moved from left to right, as above described, it unwinds the band from pulley g6,and,revolving the shaft g, causes dogs g8 to revolve with it. When the needle has reached the extreme limit of its movement to the right, one of the dogs g8 is forced down against pinfin togglef. This straightens toggle and throws framefl, carrying the device toward the middle of machine, so that when the enlarged portion b3 of disk bL presents itself it comes in Vcontact with friction-roller gl and winds up the steel band, thus drawing back the needle-blockf to its iirst position. This is accomplished while theneedle is at rest in its uppermostposition, as mentioned above. The needle-block f,or its roller f 2, having again the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 8, they other dog, g8, near the end of reverse motion of shaft g, gives an upward stroke on pin f5, thus throwing the toggle out of the straight line and allowing springf8 to throw framefl, with its friction-pulley (17, out of contact with The needle having a loop, the tension device holds the thread, preventing any more thread being pulled from the spool. This tension is made as follo ws,viz: dis a grooved pulley, around which the thread is wound a sufficient number of times to preventitsslipping. Thispulleyruns'on asleeve, having upon its upper end a conicalbearing, d". This cone is held down in a conical recess in the pulley by the spring d?. This clamps the pulley between the top of collar dE and the conical bearing d". The' spindle d passes through the bearing, and by means of screw d is brought into a nice adjustment with tensioncam da. Where the cam d3 is cut away, as at d?, Fig. G, it allows full tension to spring di, and thus prevents the pulley di' from turning with any power that would not break the thread. When the spindle is in Contact with cam,-

di, pulley d5 is entirely released from the press- IOO IXO

ISO

ure of the spring di, and is thus allowed to turn with that measure of freedom allowed by the amount of tension still acting to keep conical bearing d in frctional contact with pulley d5. The shuttle H now being moved backward by action of that part of shuttle-cam shown at h, Fig. 7, transmitted to shuttle through the sliding plate hS and lever it, Figs. 2 and 7, the hooked latch 7L on shuttle passes through the loop, the latch being opened by plunger h', operated by pin a through lever h2, the takenp T, Figs. 5 and 42, actuated by spring d, owing to the movement of takenp cam d, which at this point allows the bearing end of take-up actuating-lever d, connected to takeup by rock-shaft d, to drop into one ofthe depressions al in take-up cam d, Fig. 3, takes up the slack ofthe loop formed at the eye of the needle, thus drawing the thread under tension-plate h* and back of hook 7L in the shuttle H. At this point the pin a releases the plu nger h and its lever h2, and the threa'd is held behind the hook lrz and under the tension-plate h". The needle now makes its upward movement, being forced up and sidewise over the second throat, Fig. 13, by action of latch y', Fig. 8, already described. As soon as the needle starts on its upward movement, the tension-cam d3 slightlyraises spindle d and releases pulley d5 from the pressure of conebearing d, thus allowing the necessary amount of thread to render off the spool, and the shuttle moves up into position to take second loop by action of part marked hi in shuttle-cam a. The needle now makes its second downward and slight upward movement, which is j ust like its first movement, already described, and having thrown outits loop the shuttle,`with the thread it carries, is passed through the loop by action of part h of shnttlecam a. As the needle passes through the pamphlet to make the second puncture, the take-up T makes a short stroke, thus drawing Vfrom the spool thread enough to enable the shutt-le te pass easily through the loop, while thread is given to the shuttle by the upward half of the short stroke of the take-up at the time the shuttle is passing through the loop. As the heel of the shuttle passes the second throat, the tension-cam d:i allows spring dT to grip the tension-pulley, thus preventing any more thread from coming 'from the spool, and a downward movement of the take-up T, caused by spring d, draws up thread which had formed the loop, making a lockstitch. The tensiolrpulley d5 is then once more released, so as to give thread required by next movement of needle. After the shuttle has passed through the second loop and taken n p its position ready for the third loop, the needle completes its second upward movement, and while needle is at rest over the third throat, Fig. 1S, the bight-former advances, takes the thread extending from the middle throat to needle, and makesa bight by means described below. The needle now makes its last downward stroke, through the bight formed around bightformer K, and the bight-former withdraws, leaving the bight around the needle, Fig. 19, which now passes through the pamphlet, then slightly withdraws to throw out the loop, and the shuttle passes through the loop, the action of the needle, shuttle, tension, and take-up being the same as in the previous stitch up to point where shuttle has gone through the loop thrown out by the needle. A grip is Once more taken on tensionpnlley di) by conevbearing df, and the shuttle moves back rapidly by means of the spring latch hl, shown in cam a', so as to bring heel of shuttle directly under the throat. This spring-latch device is too well known to require further description. The thread, held by hook lrs and tensionplate h* in shuttle H, has now rendered until it is held only by its extreme end. The needle starts in its upward movement, the take-up T drawing up the loose thread which had formed the loop as fast as the needle will allow it to. This pull on the thread has a ten deney to draw the lower thread from the shuttle up through the knot around the needle, (shown at Fig. 19,) which knot around t-he needle slips off the end of needle as the needle rises, and the lower thread is drawn into that knot around the needle, and a quick motion of takeup tightens the knot, forming the well-known weavers knot. The needle having reached its uppermost position again, the presser-cam d, acting on lever Z, cuts off the thread and raises the presser, as hereinafter described. rl'he needle going back to pointf, dotted lines in Fig. 8, as detailed above, the presser comes down, clamping the pamphlet at first movement ofthe machine.

The bight-former is constructed and oper- IOO ated as follows, viz: The gear k is kept out of contact with gear b on upper shaft, B, by a spring operating on plate lr in such a manner as to keep plate la in contact with the cam di, through the lever k2. This cam d, making one revolution to three of the upper shaft, B, brings the gear k into position to mesh with segmental gear b', through the medium ofthe lever k2, just before the needle reaches its last upward position. The gear b/ on shaft B en` gages gear 7s after gear t' is brought into position, and through the intermediate It causes the gear It" to make eight twenty-sixths of a revolution. Gear b and gear l.: are each cnt to twenty-seven teeth, and eight and t-hirty-one hundredths of these teeth operating on gear k, which has only twenty-six teeth, causes lr' to revolve eight twcnty-sixths of a revolution. The quadrant h5, cut to fifty-two teeth thirtytwo pitch, being on same shaft as gear it", also makes eight twenty-sixths of a revolution, equal to sixteen teeth. Quadrant h5 gears into small gear It, having sixteen teeth, and this is thus caused to make one full revolution. Gear 7c is attached to the shaft of cam 7N, Figsv 4 and 5, while gear it runs loosely on the same shaft, and is controlled by strikers 7J on the end of the shaft coming in contact with pins 7c12 in gear 768. The distance between pins 7am is equal to one-fourth ofthe circumference of their circle of rotation plus the width of striker, so that the effect of the action of quadrant 7c5 on gear k6 will be to revolve said gear with its shaft and cam k7 one-fourth of a revolution without moving gear ks. This one-fourth of a revolution ot' cam 7c7 causes jaws K of the bight-former to advance under the needle, but a little to the left of it, by forcing pin 7c13 from position l to 2, Fig. 33, which is the development of cam 7c?. The connection between the shaft of the bight-former and cam k7 is through lever 7a, as clearly shown in Figs. 4, 5, and G. The jaws K having now reached their position and closed around the thread, as shown atFig. 14, the striker 7c, being in contact with pins 7c12 in gear 7c, cause gear las to revolve with gear 7c". Gear 7c, having twenty-six teeth and having been idle during one-fourth of a revolution of gear 7c", acts on rack 7cm only through the remaining three-fourths of its teeth, equal to nineteen and one-half teeth. The motion of gear 798 moves rack kw, which revolves gear k. The gear 7c5 meshes with a stationary rack', 7c, and controls the rotary motion of the jaws Kof the bight-former, and also theirside movement, as follows: The hub of gear 7a is slotted, as shown in detail Figs. 34 and 35, to allow of a free advancing and retreating movement of the shaft of the bight-former, and this slot is made of such a width as to allow gear 7cl5 to turn seven-fortieths of a revolution without acting on the shaft upon whichit turns. This seven-fortieths of a revolution moves the gear 7c, its carriage 7c, and the bight-former vesixteenths of an inch to the right by reason of gear k15 meshing with the rack 7c", stationary but adj ustable by the screw k1. Having reached its extreme positiomwhieh is that wherejawsK are brought directly under the needle in thelast upward position of the needle, the smooth surface 7a2", part of and turned to the pitch-line of gear 7c, Figs. 34, 35, and 36, bears against last tooth 7c'Z1 of rack 7c", Figs. 37, 38, and is thus held in position while the bight-former completes its work. Carriage 7s18 having been thus moved to its second position by the action of three and onehalf teeth out of the twenty on gear 7c, the edge 1 of the slotin the hub of gear 7c, Figs. 34, 35, now comes in contact with roller 7c'Z2 in bight-former shaft and causes that shaft to revolve until it assumes the position shown at Fig. 17. This partial revolution of the jaws K of the bight-former (about fiveeighths of a full revolution) forms a bight in the thread by turning the thread around one of thejaws, as shown in Figs. 20, 21, and 22. This is accomplished by the following combination: XVe have seen that a full revolution of gear 7c causes gear 7c8,having twenty-six teeth, to revolve through a portion of a revolution equal to nineteen and one-half of its teeth, three and one-half teeth of the twenty teeth of gear 7cl5 being required to move it to the right, thus using Seven teeth of rack 7cm-ez'. e.,

three and one-half teeth of rack 7cm-for revolving the gear 7cm, and three and one-half of rack 7c-u lost through the side motion of the gear 765 of the remainder of the nineteen and one-half teeth of gear 758. Twelve and one-halt are used to revolve the bight-former jaws from position in Figs'. 3, 4, 5 to position in Fig. 17. Just after the jaws K of the bight-former have taken the thread they are drawn back oneeighth of an inch, or under the needle, by

action `of cam 767, by forcing pin 7c, from position 2 to position 3, Fig. 33. From 34 to 4, Fig. 33, the pin 7cm runs in a straight groove, holding the jaws in position shown at Fig. 16. At 4, Figs. 31 and 33, pin 7c, having been forced back into its sheath kif by the incline in groove of eam,(`shown at 4 in section of cam, Fig. 31,) drops over the end of incline into position 4, Fig.l33, ready forits return movement. Thesemovements have been accomplished while needle, at itslast upward position, remains stationary.

In order to hold the bightformenjaws in position, Fig. 17, While the needle is going through them to form the knot, the long tooth b5 on segmental gear b', Figs. 6 and 3,9, holds the train in position by remaining in contact with tooth 77;'Z3 on gear 7c. The bight being now upon the needle-that is, the needle" having passed down through the bi ght-the long tooth b5 on gear b', Figs. 6 arid 39, reeedes from the tooth k on gear 7c. bight-former to resume the position shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, in the following manner, viz:

At 7d, Fig. 5, acoiled spring is shown. One end of this spring is attached to frame, the other to hub of gear 7a4. The revolution of `gear 7c4 has wound up this spring so that when free to act by gear b releasing gear 7c the spring causes the return motion of the device. The rst part of this movement causes the gear 7c to make its first one-fourth revolution without moving gear 708. During this portion of its movement the pin 7c13 is forced from position 4 to position 5, Fig. 33, causing the backward movement of bight-former jaws, thus withdrawing them from the needle, leaving the knot formed by them around the needle, as shown in Fig. 19. At this juncture the strikers KJ come in contact with pins K12 in gear 70S, causing that to revolve, and through rack 7d eausin g gear 7615 to turn, thus bringing the bightformer jaws back to positionshown in Figs. 3, 4, 5. When gear 7c15 has revolved to point 7625, the teeth shown as eut through'the smooth surface 7c20 engage the rack 7c at 7c, and the continued revolution of gear 7c15 draws it back to its former position, and it carries with it the bight-former and carriage k.

The presser L is operated by cam d. This cam is timed in such amauner as to raise the presser just after knot has been tied and to lower it at first movement of the machine. Connection is made between cam dand presser L through lever 7, the end 7of which is in contact with roller Z2 on rod 73.V This rod connects This causes the jaws K'ofV ICO the lever ends of quadrants Z. These quadrants actuate the gears Z5 in presser-standards Z". rlhese gears Z5 are feathered onto shafts Z7 in such amanner as to allow complete freedom of endwise motion to the shaft through the gear, but compelling the shafts to rotate with the gears. A left-hand thread is cut on each shaft. (See Fig. et.) This screw works in nuts Zi. These nuts Zs are fitted loosely in the standard so that they may rotate a few degrees with the screw; the degrees of rotation beingl determined by the length of the slot shown in seetion, Fig. 41, for the purpose of allowing certain work to be done before the shafts ZT begin to move endwise, as hereinafter shown. The lower extremity of shafts ZT carry within the presser the gears Z. Vithin the presser is the plate Z", fitted upon its edge with pins Z13. These are to prevent undue tension by the thread on the holes in the material worked upon. This plate Z1'l also carries the standard Z, actuating the cutting-off blade Zi. Upon the ends of this plate are pinions Z1, the one on the right of presser gearing in one gear, Z, and the one on theleft of machine gearing in intermediate Z, which in turn gears into the other gear, Zi'. The blade Z15 is connected by lever Z1S and its link to standard on plate Z1`, and operates inversely to the plate-Z. e., when plate Z12 moves back the blade moves toward plate Z1, and when plate 112 moves forward blade Z11 moves back. Pawls Z are fitted to pinions Zf. These pawls are held in the position shown in Fig. 24 (locking the pinions) by blocks Z22,- but in the position of plate Z12' (shown in Fig. 25) they are thrown out of contact with the pinions by springs allowing the pinions Z1G to rotate either way without acting on plate Z1, Fig. 29.

In the position shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 the presser L is down, and its attachments are in the position shown in Figs. 23 and 2l. After the stitch is completed and the knot tied, cani d acts on lever Z, and through it on rod Zi, thus working the quadrants Z1 and thereby rotating shafts Z1. During the first part of this rotation the nuts Zs rotate with the shafts, and the presser is not raised until the nuts Z are prevented from rotating by coming in contact with the stop shown in section in Fig. 4l. During this portion of the rotation the gears Z act on pinions Zw; but as these, pinions Z1 are firmly held by their pawls Z21 they cannot rotate, but must act as racks; hence the plate Z12 is carried back into the position shown at Fig. 25. In this position the latches Zta. Fig. 26, are allowed to spring out by the withdrawal of plate Z, and by tension of spring Z-1 hold plate Z12 back inthe position shown in Fig. 25. At the saine time the butt ends of pawls Z21 have cleared blocks Z22, and are consequently thrown from contact with the pinions Z16 by their springs, Figs. 25 and 29. The pins Z3 are withdrawn from under the stitches, the blade Z15 has been brought in contact wit-h plate Z1, as shown and described gripping of tension-piilley` cZ causes a pull on thread sufficient to cut it oft' where nipped between bladeZ15 and plate Z1. At the first movement of the machine cam cZ, rotating out of contact of lever Z, allows springs Z2?, which have been wound up by the previous movement of segments Z, to bring down the presser by throwing segments ZL in the opposite direction. During this downward movement plate Z12 is still held back by latches Z, thus allowing pinions Z1 to rotate freely about their axis until such time as the presser comes down upon the goods to be stitched. Now, the plates Z211, Fig. 26, fast to latches Z, are forced back into the presser, forcing latches Zt back and releasing plate Z1`, and allowing spring Z'", Figs. 24, 25, to force plate Z1" ahead, thus throwing pawls Z21 into pinions Z1G and converting them into racks, and carrying plate Z12 and blade Z15 and pins Z13 into positions shown in Figs. 23 and 24. The springs Z, acting on quadrants Z, allow the presser to stop at any point between its two extreme positions, according to the thickness of goods or material placed under it, while cam zZ will always bring it up to its extreme height. The combination of gears, pinions, pawls, and blocks described above allows the plate Z and blade Z1:l to be acted upon, as shown above, at the first movement of shafts, regardless ofthe position of presser, be it down on plate or up toits extremeheight.

The general operation is as follows: The pamphlet is placed on the table and under the presser, so that the needle is ,vertically over that part of the pamphlet in which the iirst needle-hole is to be made, the position of the pamphlet being determined by the eye or by suitable gages. The presser is then forced down, clamping the pamphlet between the presser and the table, and the downward movement of the presser also brings the threadholding' pins in place near the throats and draws back the cut-off blade. The needle then descends, making its first puncture, and is drawn slightly back to throw ont the loop; the shuttle is then moved heel first until its hook grasps the loop thrown out by the slight backward movement of the needle, and then moved point first until it comes into proper relation with the second throat, and during this time the needle rises and moves bodily sidewise over the second throat; the needle then descends through the second throat, is slightly withdrawn to throw ont the second loop, and the shuttle is passed nose first through the second loop, carrying with it the needle-thread moves sidewise under the needle and over the -third throat, then turns on its aXis to form the bight, and the needle descends through the bight held in place by the jaws of the bightformerand continues descendingdown through the material and the third throat. As soon as the point of the needle-has passed through the bight the bight-former moves back rapidly out of the way, leaving the bight around the needle and thereby forming a single bowknot in the needle-thread, the bow of that knot eX- tending down through the material along each side of the needle 'and through the eye of the needle. The needle is then slightly drawn back to throw out the loop, and the shuttle passes nose rst through the loop, carrying with it the shuttle-thread, which is that part of the needle-thread pulled down through the iirst puncture, and as the needle rises up through the third throat the thread of the lshuttle is pulled up toward the bight formed in the upper needle-thread and then, tightened by the take-up, the lower thread carried by the shuttle is doubled up through that bight, forming a weavers knot. Of course the takeup operates at each stroke of the needle much as in the common shuttle sewingmachine. The needle, as it rises from the third throat,

- moves back-over the first throat, ready to from the knot up through the slot in they make a new stitch. The presser also rises, and just before it releases the pamphlet the thread-holding pins are pulled o'ut from between the thread and the pamphlet, and the cut-on" blade is thrown forward withits cuttingedge against the thread, which extends presser to the eye of the needle. I prefer to have the edge ofthe cut-off blade grip the thread just before the needle gets back over the rst throat, and then to tighten the tension, so that the latter part of the movement of the needle sidewise will pull the thread against the edge of the cut-off blade, as this means a perfect operation of the cutoff, and

also because the proper length of thread from the yfree end of the thread to the eye of the needle is left hanging ,from the needle and ready to be used as a shuttle-thread in making the next stitch.

In case a knot is desired at each puncture of the needle, the shuttle should carry a bobbin, as in common shuttle'sewing-machines, and in that case the bightformcn should operate to form a bight around the needle at each descent of the needle, and the needle would move up and down only, as in the ordinary sewing-machine.` It will also be clear that the bight-former. may be made to operate once for every two, three, four, or other desired number of punctures.

What I claim. as my invention is- 1. The bight-former above described, composed of two slotted or forked jaws, in combiuation with mechanism, substantially such as is described, to openl and close the jaws, to seize and release the thread, and to rotate the jaws to form a half-turn in they thread, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The presser, two or more throats, the single needle, means, substantially such as described,

for advancing the needle from one throat to another, the shuttle, and the bight-former,

Acombined and operating substantially as de'- scribed. 3. The presser L, in combination with the plate l and cut-off blade l, and actuating mechanism, substantially such as is described, whereby the plate Wand cutoff-Zl5 are moved before the presser L commences to move up and remain stationary until the latches l are forced back by the clamping of the work by the downward movement of presser L, all substantially as described.

4. In a sewing-machine, the combination of the needle with two or more throats and with two slides, F and f, and means, substantially as described, for moving the main slide F to cause the needle to work vforward and back through each throat and for movingA the sec'- ond slide, f to cause the needle to travel from the first throat over the second and from the last throat back over the first throat, all substantially as described.

" ALLISON MORRIS STICKNEY.

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